Buying a home? Here's how to spot costly hidden defects

Buying a home is one of the most significant investments in a person's life, whether you're a first-time buyer or an experienced real estate investor. While the aesthetic appeal of a property can be alluring, it's crucial to look beyond the surface and consider the structural integrity of the components that make up the property. 

Let's turn our attention to eight key warning signs that prospective homeowners like yourself should be vigilant of during the process of house hunting. These seemingly minor details can easily be overlooked with the emotional enchantment of a home's outward charm. 

1. Rotten wood:

Wood is a common construction material, and areas exposed to moisture, such as bathrooms and kitchens, are particularly susceptible to wood rot over time. Neglected wood can lead to costly repairs. Buyers should ensure that wood elements are properly treated and protected with suitable paint or finish. This also extends to exterior features like decks and trims, which are exposed to the elements and require regular maintenance.

2. Loose or dangerous railings:

Safety is paramount in a home, and one aspect often overlooked is the stability of railings on decks, staircases, and balconies. Ensure that all railings are securely fastened, with none missing. Unstable or insecure railings pose a significant safety hazard and should be addressed promptly.

3. Ventilation:

Proper ventilation is essential for a healthy home environment. Moisture accumulation can lead to various problems. Adequate ventilation helps in moisture evaporation. It's crucial to check the space between the roof and the ceiling, as this area should be well-ventilated to promote roof longevity. Weep holes and ventilation ducts allow heat to escape and moisture to evaporate, helping to keep interior walls and structural elements dry.

4. Roof problems:

The roof is your first line of defense against the elements. During a home inspection, pay attention to the condition of the roof. Look for old, broken, or missing tiles that may need replacement. Ignoring roof issues can lead to costly problems elsewhere in the home. Here are the things you need to look out for when assessing a roof:

• Damaged flashings: Flashings, installed along the joints of your roof to seal weak points against water and pests, often bear the brunt of environmental stress. Cracks or damage, especially around skylights, chimneys, or valleys where roof sections meet, can lead to leaks. Regularly inspect and promptly repair damaged flashings to prevent water ingress.
• Broken or missing tiles or slates: Damaged or displaced roof tiles are a frequent culprit for leaks. Identifying and replacing broken tiles is a relatively simple fix. However, it's essential to check for underlying damage to waterproofing, rafters, or insulation beneath the affected area.
• Poorly placed fixings: Fixings secured improperly into rafters create an open invitation for water ingress. Extracting these fixings and adequately sealing resulting holes is necessary to prevent leaks in the future.
• Clogged gutters: Clogged gutters impede the proper drainage of rainwater, leading to water pooling on the roof. Regularly clearing gutters of leaves and debris ensures efficient water flow, preventing potential leaks and damage to fascias, rafters, and walls.
• Damaged soffit or fascia boards: Soffit and fascia boards, designed to protect against water and pests, can degrade over time due to exposure to sun, wind, and rain. Regularly check for cracks or holes and replace damaged boards with modern UPVC alternatives for enhanced durability.
• Pitch problems: The pitch of a roof affects how different roofing materials are installed. Roofs with shallow pitches may require additional waterproofing and better flashing. Ensuring proper construction and promptly addressing pitch problems with expert assistance can prevent leaks.
• Lean-to roofs: Inspect lean-to roofs regularly, especially if positioned beneath the main roof's rainwater runoff. The repeated impact of water can compromise these roofs over time. Installing gutters or replacing tiles or roof sheeting prevents potential leaks.

5. Plumbing problems:

Inspect the plumbing system carefully. Look under sinks for signs of leaking or the need for repairs. Addressing plumbing issues before finalizing the home purchase can save you a significant amount of money on costly repairs down the road.

6. Electrical faults:

While sellers are required to provide an electrical compliance certificate, it's a good idea to double-check the electrical systems in the home. Outdated or faulty electrical systems can be extremely dangerous and cause issues like breaker tripping or even fires. Ensure that the electrical system is up to code and safe.

7. Drainage and water control:

Poor drainage systems around the home can lead to water and damp problems in low-lying areas. This can result in penetrating damp and compromise the foundation of the structure. Water intrusion can be one of the most destructive and expensive problems. Ensure that all drainage areas are properly graded and direct water away from the house. Additionally, check that water control elements like gutters and downspouts are well-maintained.

8. Amateur repairs:

Homeowners who have lived in a property for an extended period may have attempted DIY repairs. While these might not always be obvious, plumbing and electrical areas are common places where amateur repairs are made. It's essential to thoroughly inspect these areas to identify any potentially unsafe or non-compliant repairs.

Should I hire a professional home inspector to assess the structural integrity of a property?

If you have any doubts, it's advisable to hire a trained and certified home inspector who can help you identify defects and guide you in making an informed buying decision. Remember, being proactive in identifying and addressing these issues can save you a lot of money and stress in the long run. 

How am I protected?

The Property Practitioner’s Act 2019 took full effect in 2022, bolstering consumer protection. The Act imposes a mandatory obligation to disclose defects in all transactions, both sales and rentals. This practice, though long-executed, is now enforceable by law with the document needing to be signed by all involved parties and attached to the respective agreements. 

Sellers would do well to steer clear from hiding defects as it may inevitably lead to legal backlash from the buyer. Can you imagine the financial pinches and headaches that would entail? There are two broad defect categories: patent defects that are easily visible and latent defects, mostly structural, and harder to spot. A detailed inspection by a property practitioner is essential. The seller must disclose all defects, whether they are patent or latent. 

You may wonder, what exactly are these patent defects? Visual elements like cracks on walls, deteriorated cupboards or woodwork, damaged light switches, and faulty floorings are such. On the other hand, latent defects encompass issues such as unsteady walls, leaking roofs, and rising damp. It is therefore important to equip yourself with a reputable home inspector.

Keep in mind, that once the contract is signed, it becomes a laborious task to make alterations and could potentially require expensive legal recourse. With a thorough inspection, however, buyers are placed in a more secure position to request repairs or negotiate reparations under the sale conditions. And isn't peace of mind worth the investment?